Grammar

*Present simple Tense*

We use the present simple tense to talk about things that are:

General truths or facts:

• Water boils at 100°C                                               

Habits or routines:

• I get up at 7 a.m. every day.
  
• She goes to the gym twice a week.

Permanent situation

• They live in London.

• He works at a bank.

Schedules and timetables (especially for transport/Events):

• The train leaves at 6 p.m.

• The movie starts at 8.

Instructions or directions (like recipes or manuals):

• You mix the flour with water.

• First, he turns on the machine.

Feelings, thoughts, and states (non-action verbs):

• I like pizza.

• They believe in hard work.

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Present Simple Tense – Rules

1. Structure:

A) Affirmative/Positive Sentences:

Subject	Verb
I / You / We / They	Verb remains infinitive (e.g. play)
He / She / It	Add  -s/-es in verb (e.g. plays)

Examples:

• I work every day.

• She works at a hospital.

B) Negative Sentences:

Subject	Auxiliary	Base Verb
I / You / We / They	do not (don’t)	play
He / She / It	does not (doesn’t)	play

Examples:

• They don’t eat meat.

• He doesn’t play football.

* In negative sentences, the main verb remains infinitive.

C) Questions:

Auxiliary	Subject	Base Verb
Do	you / we / they	work?
Does	he / she / it	Work?

Examples:

• Do you like coffee?

• Does she live in Paris?

⚠️ In questions, the main verb stays in base form, even with "does."

🔹 2. Spelling Rules for He/She/It

• Most verbs: add -s → play → plays

• Verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -x, -s, -z, -o: add -es → go → goes, watch → watches

• Verbs ending in consonant + y: change y to i + es → study → studies

• Vowel + y: just add -s → play → plays

Summary:

Present Simple = Subject + Verb + Object

🔹 Examples:

1. I eat rice. (Subject = I, Verb = eat, Object = rice)

2. She plays football. (Subject = She, Verb = plays, Object = football)

3. They read books. (Subject = They, Verb = read, Object = books)

Present Simple – Business Vocabulary Exercises

1. The company __________ (sell) electronic products worldwide.
   
   

2. She __________ (manage) the marketing team.
   
   

3. We __________ (attend) meetings every Monday.
   
   

4. My boss __________ (check) the reports every morning.
   
   

5. They __________ (work) in the sales department.
   
   

6. He __________ (make) important decisions.
   
   

7. Our team __________ (complete) projects on time.
   
   

8. The office __________ (open) at 9 a.m.
   
   

9. I __________ (write) emails to clients daily.
   
   

10. The accountant __________ (prepare) financial statements.

Answers

🔹 Part A: Fill in the blanks

1. The company sells electronic products worldwide.
   
   

2. She manages the marketing team.
   
   

3. We attend meetings every Monday.
   
   

4. My boss checks the reports every morning.
   
   

5. They work in the sales department.
   
   

6. He makes important decisions.
   
   

7. Our team completes projects on time.
   
   

8. The office opens at 9 a.m.
   
   

9. I write emails to clients daily.

10. The accountant prepares financial statements.

 

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Prof. Anu Gupta